The impact of Aerosols on the performance of Photovoltaic module: A case study in Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo

Abstract

The increasing global demand for renewable energy has highlighted the importance of optimizing photovoltaic (PV) system performance. However, environmental factors such as dust accumulation significantly impair PV efficiency by reducing solar radiation transmittance. This study investigates the impact of dust on PV modules at Ajayi Crowther University, Nigeria, using three cleaning scenarios: uncleaned (Dusty Panels A), shaded (Shaded Panels B), and regularly cleaned (Clean Panels C). Electrical performance was evaluated using I-V and P-V curves, maximum power output (P_max), and temperature measurements via an I-V Tracer (FTV200). Results revealed that dust accumulation reduced efficiency by up to 60% compared to clean panels, with power losses intensifying during peak irradiance hours (10:00 AM–2:00 PM). Temperature trends showed optimal performance at ~32°C, with efficiency declining above 40°C due to thermal effects. The study underscores the critical need for regular cleaning and maintenance to mitigate dust-induced losses and enhance PV system reliability. These findings provide actionable insights for improving solar energy output in dusty environments, particularly in regions like south western Nigeria